Beyond what I can see standing in the hatch, in an attic like that (no HVAC) my priorities are:

1) If I feel it's safe, get a close look at any appliance vents / chimneys passing through the attic - that's what might kill some one.

2) If I feel it's safe, get a close look at other roof penetrations, that's the most likely way water will enter the attic and do significant damage.

3) If I feel it's safe, establish if eaves /and ridge are properly vented, and that bath and kitchen exhaust are passing to the outside.

4) If I feel it's safe, examine the framing in detail. You will catch a lot of stuff this way, but in my experience little of it will have major significance - I am looking for the exceptions that do.

Now, what's "safe"?

IMO, it's easier to say whats not.

For example I will NOT go plowing through insulation if it appears that if contains NM, BX or K&T wiring - not only can I hurt myself, I may damage the wiring in ways that later cause a fire.

Walk on insulation covered joists?

Not unless I can clearly see that I can maintain at least three point contact while putting my weight at a .location above or near a bearing wall.